Selenium is an open-source framework and portable tool that is utilized for mechanizing the tests directed on internet browsers. It is just utilized for testing web applications, for example, Shopping Carts, Email Programs like Gmail, Yahoo.
Testing done by utilizing Selenium is regularly known as Selenium Testing.
Selenium isn't only a solitary tool, as it is a group of software and each tool has various instances of testing.
Selenium was presented by Jason Huggins in 2004. Jason Huggins is an Engineer at Thoughtworks. He was taking care of his responsibilities on some web applications and he suddenly required testing.
He understood that ordinary Manual Testing (used to distinguish bugs, issues, and imperfections in programming) of their application was going to be increasingly ineffectual.
He made a JavaScript Program that would control the program's activity. Also he named the program "JavaScriptTestRunner" and later he made JavaScriptTestRunner as an Open Source that was subsequently renamed as Selenium core.
1. Selenium integrated
development environment
2. Selenium remote control
3. Selenium web driver
4. Selenium grid
Selenium IDE is implemented as a firefox
extension that offers record and functionality on test Script and provides the
tester to create recorded scripts in many types such as HTML,Java, Ruby,
Python, etc.
Selenium RC provides the testers to create automated web application tests with support of any programming languages. It also includes HTTP proxy servers that enable the browser to understand that web applications are tested and come from proxy servers.
Selenium web driver offers programming interface to create test cases, and the test scripts are created according to the identification of web elements on the web pages then executes the action that can be performed on the web elements. It directly conveys with the web browser. Selenium web driver includes HTML unit driver, opera driver, safari driver, etc.
Selenium grid is the most important component of selenium that run and compiles the test cases in a parallel environment on a different operating system or browser
Features of Selenium
● Selenium supports multiple
browsers such as google chrome, safari, firefox by executing simple commands.
● Selenium supports multiple
programming languages such as Java, Python, C#, Perl, etc.
● It is speed in execution that
directly conveys with the browser without the need of an intermediate server.
● Easy to identify and it's
easy for locators in webdriver helps in finding web elements in the website. It
is a great advantage for the testers to implement.
● It is an open-source and
portable framework that can work on different operating systems like Linux,
Mac, etc.
● It reduces time and increases
efficiency that is used widely for web development.
● Selenium promotes continuous
integration and continuous delivery.
Limitations of Selenium
● It is used for only testing
web applications, not software.
● It is not accurate in
handling dynamic web applications.
● It faces some problems while
handling pop-ups and frames.
● There is absent of test
integration tool for test management
● Huge skillset is required for
automating test tools.
Why use Selenium?
Selenium
motivates testers to compose a script to create content in one programming
language and run (re-use) the same test scripts on different platforms.
WebDriver is turning out to be important for the W3C standard for all programs,
and hence creating programs that will naturally uphold Selenium. The
interesting part of this test automation tool is that the testers in testing UI
modules offer an enormous set of choices to test, think about the outcomes and
check to assume that they are in agreement with the normal application conduct
or not.
There
are some reasons why we use the Selenium framework for web application
development such as transparency, platform independence, visibility in
end-to-end testing, and continuous integration efforts.
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